Exempel ord i ottoman

List of replaced loanwords in Turkish

Ottoman Turkish word and its transliteration Modern spelling of the Ottoman Turkish word Modern Turkish equivalent Meaning in English Remarks عفو ايتمكafv etmek*affetmekbağışlamakto forgive From the Persian bağışla– "to spare."[1]اخلاقahlak*ahlaktörecustoms, ethics From the Old Turkic noun töre "customary law."[1]عائلهaile*aileocak**family From the Old Turkic noun ocak "hearth."[1]عقبهakabeakabegeçitpassage From the root geç– "to pass."[1]عقدakd*, مقاولهmukaveleakit, mukavelesözleşme, anlaşma, bağıtcontract From the Old Turkic söz "word."[1]عقلakl, akıl*akılus**wisdom From the Old Turkic noun us "intelligence."[1]علاقهalaka*alaka(lı)ilgi(li)relevant, related to From the Old Turkic root il– "to tie loosely" and "to touch."[1]علامتalametalametönsezipremonition From the adjective ön "front."[1]عمهammeammesargıbandage From the root sar– "to wrap."[1]عاملam

Appendix:Ottoman Turkish Swadesh list

This is a Swadesh list of words in Ottoman Turkish, compared with definitions in English.

Presentation

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For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list.

American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in with meanings, his list grew to in , which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to , and reduced much further to meanings in A reformulated list was published posthumously in

List

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  • exempel ord i ottoman

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